Table 3 in Description of two species of the genus Astrodia Verrill, 1899 (Ophiuroidea, Euryalida, Asteronychidae), including a new species from seamounts in the West Pacific

Table 3. Comparison of key morphological characters among species in the genus Astrodia.
SpeciesArm spinesGenital slitsExternal ossiclesLateral arm plates on middle to distal portion of armsOral papillaeReferenceAstrodia abyssicola (Lyman, 1879)0-2very short, ~1/5 (height of disc)plate-shaped on peripheryshapes: crescent; projections: absentdomed granule-shapedLyman (1879), Okanishi and Fujita (2014), This studyAstrodia excavata (Lütken & Mortensen, 1899)0-3large, ~2/3 (height of disc)granule-shaped near radial shields and genital slitsshapes: bar-like; projections: presentdomed granule-shapedLütken and Mortensen (1899), Okanishi and Fujita (2014)Astrodia plana (Lütken & Mortensen, 1899)0-3short, ~1/4 (height of disc)absentshapes: oblong; projections: absentdomed granule-shapedLütken and Mortensen (1899), Döderlein (1927), Okanishi and Fujita (2014)Astrodia tenuispina (Verrill, 1884)0-3, occasionally 4short, ~1/2 (height of disc)plate-shaped on periphery, granule-shaped in centershapes: unknown; projections: absentdomed granule-shaped, small and shortVerrill (1884), Koehler (1906), Koehler (1922), Baker (1980), Gage et al. (1983), Manso (2010), Okanishi and Fujita (2014)Astrodia duospina sp. nov.0-2, occasionally 3short, ~1/4 (height of disc)plate-shaped on periphery and in centershapes: crescent; projections: absentindistinct or underdevelopedThis study