Supplementary Material for: Jean-Martin Charcot and the Clinical Foundations of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Historical Case Revisited

We revisit a landmark clinical case recorded by Jean-Martin Charcot in 1877–78, describing a patient with bulbar-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This case offers a rich window into Charcot’s observational method, clinical reasoning, and early neuropathological insights. We discuss the methodological rigor of Charcot’s case analysis and place it in dialogue with modern understandings of ALS pathophysiology, diagnosis, and care. This historical reflection highlights how 19th-century neurology laid the foundation for current multidisciplinary approaches to managing neurodegenerative diseases.