Calculating new frequencies of gametes (simplified example for the 2-locus case).

Columns 1–2: possible genotypes, two columns represent first and second chromatid. Third column: frequencies of different genotypes after selection. Columns 4–7: possible gametes generated by one genotype when there is no crossing-over (probability: 1−κ) and when the crossing-over takes place (probability: κ). Each genotype and gamete is represented as a bit string, where 1 denotes mutated locus and 0 not mutated one. Last four columns: conditional frequencies of occurrence of different gametes generated by one genotype. There are four different types of gametes: {00}, {01}, {10} and {11}. The frequency of each type of gametes is calculated as a sum of all conditional frequencies for a specified gamete and divided by 2, e.g., for gamete {00} (bold and underline) : F00 = [(1−κ)f1 + (1−κ)f1 + κ f1 + κ f1 + (1−κ)f2 + κ f2 + (1−κ)f3 + κ f3 + (1−κ)f4 + (1−κ)f5 + κ f5 + κ f7 + (1−κ)f9 + κ f9 + κ f10 + (1−κ)f13] / 2.