Fusing Engineered Bacterial Strains with NIR-II AIEgen for Multimodal Image-guided Phototherapy and Immunotherapy

we present an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) - bacteria hybrid bionic robot to address the above issues. This bionic robot is composed of a multifunctional AIE molecule, INX-2 and Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), i.e. EcN@INX-2. The robot is characterized by NIR-II fluorescence emission with efficient photodynamic and photothermal effects and tumor targeting, which was realized by INX-2 and EcN respectively, EcN@INX-2 achieved in vivo multimodal imaging and therapy of the tumors through multiple mechanisms including the activation of anti-tumor immunity, photodynamic and photothermal therapy in CT26 tumor-bearing female mice.