Climate2Energy outputs using the CESM2 climate model under the SSP245 scenario

General description We here provide outputs of the Climate2Energy conversion described in Wohland et al. (2025). Please cite this paper if you use the data provided here. Results are based on the CESM2 climate model covering the period 2015-2100 under the SSP245 scenario. We cover wind energy (offshore and onshore separately for 3 turbines), solar photovoltaics, hydropower (run-of-river and reservoirs), and demand for heating and cooling. Temporal resolution is hourly for everything except hydropower which is on a coarser temporal resolution. If you are interested in other scenarios, please note that the same variables are also available for the SSP585 scenario on zenodo. Specific description & folder structure Specifically, we here provide spreadsheets with the full country-level outputs in .csv format are available in the only_csv folder. Those spreadsheets are designed to be directly usable in energy system optimization. gridded capacity factors at the native climate model resolution for wind energy and solar energy in the only_nc folder. The data contains a single realization (A) derived using a single historical realization in the bias correction (A). We plan to provide other bias correction realizations (B, C) at a later stage. Please check the method section of the referenced publication for an explanation what these letters mean. REFERENCE J. Wohland, L. Bloin-Wibe, E. M Fischer, L. Göke, R. Knutti, F. De Marco, U. Beyerle and J. Savelsberg; Climate2Energy: a framework to consistently include climate change into energy system modeling; Environ. Res.: Energy 2, 041001 (2025).