A COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF INCENTIVE-BASED NORMS IN SENTENCING: THE EXPERIENCE OF UZBEKISTAN AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES

This thesis examines the criminal-law nature and application of incentive-based norms in sentencing, focusing on the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan and selected foreign jurisdictions. It explores how criminal justice systems recognize post-offence conduct, including voluntary compensation for harm, admission of guilt, genuine remorse, cooperation with law-enforcement authorities, and the conclusion of procedural agreements. Particular attention is given to the relationship between incentives, sentencing individualization, proportionality, equality before the law, and judicial discretion. A comparative approach is used to identify similarities and differences between the Uzbek legal framework and selected foreign models. The study argues that the effectiveness of incentive-based provisions depends on clearly defined statutory conditions, transparent judicial reasoning, and safeguards against arbitrary or unequal application. It concludes with proposals for improving the consistency and predictability of their application in Uzbekistan.