Does stomatal patterning in amphistomatous leaves minimize the CO2 diffusion path length within leaves?

Photosynthesis is co-limited by multiple factors depending on the plant and its environment. These include biochemical rate limitations, internal and external water potentials, temperature, irradiance, and carbon dioxide (CO2). Amphistomatous leaves have stomata on both abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces. This feature is considered an adaptation to alleviate CO2 diffusion limitations in productive environments as the diffusion path length from stomate to chloroplast is effectively halved in amphistomatous leaves. Plants may also reduce CO2 limitations through other aspects of optimal stomatal anatomy: stomatal density, distribution, patterning, and size. A number of studies have demonstrated that stomata are overdispersed compared to a random distribution on a single leaf surface; however, despite their prevelance in nature and near ubiquity among crop species, much less is known about stomatal anatomy in amphistomatous leaves, especially the coordination between leaf surfaces. Here w..., Plants from the Columbia (Col-0) ecotype of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. were grown in three different light environments: low light (PAR = 50 μmol m-2  s-1), medium light (100 μmol m-2  s-1), and high light (200 μmol m-2  s-1). PAR stands for photosynthetically active radiation. Seeds were surface-sterilized and stratified at 4 °C for 3–5 d in 0.15% agarose solution and then sown directly into Pro-Mix HP soil (Premier Horticulture; Quakerstown, PA, USA) and supplemented with Scott's Osmocote Classic 14-14-14 fertilizer (Scotts-Sierra, Marysville, OH, USA). At 10–14 d, seedlings were thinned so only one seedling per container remained. Plants were grown to maturity in growth chambers where the conditions were as follows: 16 : 8 h, 22 : 20°C, day : night cycle. Imaging of the epidermis and internal leaf structures was performed using a Leica SP5 confocal microscope (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany) with the protocol developed by Wuyts et al. (2010) with additional modification d..., , # Data from: Does stomatal patterning in amphistomatous leaves minimize the CO2 diffusion path length within leaves?

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.44j0zpcn6](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.44j0zpcn6)

The dataset contains the x and y coordinates (in pixels), angle, and length (in pixels) of each stomate on each leaf surface from 66 *Arabidopsis thaliana* (Col-0 ecotype) plants grown under low, medium, and high light treatments.

## Description of the data and file structure

| Variable | Type | Description |
| :-------- | :-------- | :------------------------------------- |
| `light` | character | light treatment (low, medium, high) |
| `surface` | character | leaf surface (abaxial or adaxial) |
| `leaf_id` | character | integer leaf id within light treatment |
| `x` | numeric | x position of stomate in pixels |
| `y` | numeric | y position of stomate in pixels |
| `length` | numeric | guard cell length in pixe...