Dataset of ecosystem elements in Chaohu Lake Basin from 1861 to 2010

As one of the five major lakes in China, Chaohu Lake has a long history of human activities' print and produces significant impacts on the ecological environment and lake water bodies of the basin. Especially with global warming in the past century, the development of industry and agriculture, plus the urbanizing process in Chaohu Lake basin have intensified to shrink the area of vegetation, that's where serious environmental problems such as eutrophication and ecological environment damage were brought up. With the help of measured and simulated multi-source data, this research establishes a high-resolution, long-term dataset of ecosystem climate and vegetation growth. Thin plate smoothing spline spatial interpolation method is applied, based on STASH software, a bioclimate software was developed to establish climate data, including high-resolution data of temperature, precipitation, percentage of sunshine, and four climate elements from 1861 to 2010. This research combines machine learning methods with the NPP algorithm module, vegetation data for the same period are calculated, including NPP, NEP, and LAI data, quality control analysis is also conducted. You are able to find model data for quantitative research on potential vegetation reconstruction and vegetation change in the region, as well as basic data for accurately assessing the impact of climate change on the ecological environment of the Chaohu Lake basin in this dataset. It can also serve as a reference case for the construction of a typical watershed ecosystem dataset in China since the Industrial Revolution.