中国1：25万1km2以上湖泊分布数据集（2020年）

该数据集为中国2020年1：25万湖泊分布数据集。该数据集在2020年5-10月收集的全国无云Landsat-8 OLI的陆地反射率数据的基础上，计算影像数据的NDWI指数，结合SRTM的DEM数据去除阴影，基于OSTU的双峰阈值分割方法进行水体面积识别，计算得到2020年5-10月的中国地表水面积年频率；基于年频率岛屿70%的认为是年永久性水体，作为湖泊识别的基础数据库。参考2005-2006年的全国湖泊数据库和HydroLakes的水库数据，将河流和水库去除，只保留湖泊水体边界，去除碎斑，只保留1km2以上的水体作为湖泊边界数据。在此数据基础上，补充完善流域、省份等其它指标信息，最终得到中国区域2020年湖泊数据。包含了湖泊代码、湖泊名称、所属省份、所属湖区、所属流域等指标。

This dataset is the 1:250,000 scale lake distribution dataset of China in 2020. Based on nationwide cloud-free Landsat-8 OLI terrestrial reflectance data collected from May to October 2020, the following processing procedures are implemented: first, calculate the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) of the image data; second, remove shadows by combining with SRTM DEM data; third, identify water body areas using Otsu's bimodal threshold segmentation method, thereby deriving the annual frequency of surface water area in China from May to October 2020. Water bodies with an annual frequency of 70% or higher are classified as year-round permanent water bodies, which serve as the foundational database for lake identification. Subsequently, referring to the national lake database from 2005 to 2006 and the reservoir data from HydroLakes, rivers and reservoirs are excluded, spurious patches are eliminated, and only water bodies with an area of 1 km² or larger are retained as the lake boundary dataset. On this basis, supplementary attribute information including basin, province and other relevant indicators is added and refined, and the final 2020 China lake dataset is obtained. This dataset contains indicators such as lake code, lake name, affiliated province, affiliated lake region, and affiliated basin.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是中国2020年1:25万比例尺下面积大于1平方公里的湖泊分布数据，基于Landsat-8 OLI遥感影像通过NDWI指数和OSTU阈值分割方法提取，并去除河流和水库以精确定义湖泊边界。数据集包含湖泊代码、名称、所属省份、湖区和流域等属性信息，适用于自然地理学、水资源管理和环境监测等领域的研究。