THE MECHANISMS OF FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION IN CHILDREN

The process by which children acquire their first language has been a central topic in linguistics and cognitive science. This study explores the mechanisms, stages, and influencing factors involved in first language acquisition (FLA). Using a qualitative-analytical approach, the research examines theoretical frameworks such as behaviorism, nativism, and interactionism, along with observational data from child language development studies. The findings indicate that children acquire language through a complex interaction of innate biological mechanisms and environmental input. Key stages such as babbling, one-word utterances, and multi-word speech reflect systematic development rather than random learning. The study also highlights the importance of social interaction and caregiver input in shaping linguistic competence.