Edaphic factors predisposing to root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp) infestation in pecan tree

Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch is the most significant fruit tree in the agricultural region of Delicias, Chihuahua, and it is the leading producer of this product on a national scale (SAGARPA, 2018). The walnut tree is susceptible to attack by various microorganisms, which cause serious problems and reduce its yield. It is imperative to comprehend the soil characteristics that favour or influence the presence of the nematode in pecan orchards, so that, based on this information, pecan growers can pay greater attention to nematode control. The objective of this case study was to ascertain which soil factors influence the presence of the nematode Meloidogyne sp. in pecan trees. The study was conducted in the municipalities of Delicias, Meoqui, Saucillo and Rosales in the state of Chihuahua. A total of 243 soil samples were collected from 60 pecan orchards between September 2016 and January 2018. The results indicate that the nematode Meloidogyne sp. is not exclusive to any particular soil texture and may be present in different soil texture classes. A significant relationship was identified between elevated Olsen phosphorus concentrations and a greater number of trees exhibiting female Meloidogyne sp. parasitism of the pecan tree roots. A significant relationship was identified between concentrations of zinc that were found to be very low and the presence of female Meloidogyne sp. parasitising walnut roots.
Sample identification Id
Municipality Municipio
Walnut tree nematode Nematodo_N
Organic matter, in soil Mos
Nitrogen, in soil Ns
Phosphorus, in soil Ps
Potassium, in soil Ks
Iron, in soil Fes
Zinc, in soil Zns
Copper, in soil Cus
Manganese, in soil Mns
pH, in soil Phs
Electrical conductivity, in soil Ces
Soil bulk density Des
Soil type Agrupación de suelos