Yoga MAT - Medication for Addiction Treatment

<b>Background: </b>People taking medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) commonly
experience chronic pain. Yoga interventions show promise for decreasing
pain-related disability in other populations. More time spent in yoga practice
may improve pain-related outcomes.<b></b>

<b>Methods: </b>The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) provided the framework for
developing an optimized yoga intervention package. In a 2x2x2x2
factorial experiment, we evaluated four candidate intervention components
which, when added to a weekly yoga class, might increase yoga engagement. The
primary outcome was minutes per week of yoga practice (classes and personal
yoga practice) over the 12-week intervention period. We sought to determine which combination of intervention components was
associated with the most yoga practice for people with chronic pain taking
buprenorphine or methadone as MOUD.

<b>Results: </b>We enrolled 192 adults.
The intervention combination that included two private sessions with a yoga
teacher (Component B), daily text messages cuing yoga practice (Component C),
and financial incentives for attending class (Component D) led to the highest
model-predicted mean minutes of yoga per week (185.6 minutes; 90% CI = 118.9,
252.4). Consistent with this, there was
a significant main effect for Component B (IRR = 1.10, 90%CI 1.02; 1.18), and a
synergistic interaction between Components B and D (IRR = 1.09, 90%CI 1.02;
1.17).

<b>Conclusions:
</b>We identified a combination of
intervention components which optimized engagement in yoga practice. A next step will be to test the effect of this
optimized intervention on pain and substance use outcomes in a two-arm randomized
controlled clinical trial.