Surface Modification of Titanium-based Dental Implants for Soft Tissue Sealing: A Review

Titanium and its alloys are widely used as dental implant materials due to their excellent mechanical property, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. However, in clinical applications, titanium-based dental implants often suffer from poor soft tissue sealing, allowing bacteria to invade and induce peri-implantitis, and leading to final implant failure. To address these issues and effectively reduce the failure rate of implant surgery, researchers worldwide have conducted extensive and in-depth studies. This article reviews recent advancements in surface modification strategies for improving soft tissue sealing on titanium-based dental implants, with a focus on methods for regulating surface chemical composition and constructing micro-nano structures. Additionally, it highlights the existing challenges and future trends in this field, aiming to provide valuable insights for further research on soft tissue sealing of titanium-based dental implants.