Soil organic carbon distribution for 0-3 m soils at 1 km2 scale of the frozen ground in the Third Pole Regions

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is very important in the vulnerable ecological environment of the Third Pole; however, data regarding the spatial distribution of SOC are still scarce and uncertain. Based on multiple environmental variables and soil profile data from 458 pits (depth of 0–1 m) and 114 cores (depth of 0–3 m), this study uses a machine-learning approach to evaluate the SOC storage and spatial distribution at different soil depths (0–30 cm, 0–50 cm, 0–100 cm, 0–200 cm, and 0–300 cm) in the frozen ground area of the Third Pole region. Our results provide information on the storage, patterns, and environmental controls of SOCSs at a 1 km² scale for areas of frozen ground in the Third Pole region, thus providing a scientific basis for future studies pertaining to Earth system models. Soil organic carbon data is stored in grids format, and the file name is "TP-SOC-d.tif", where d represents soil depth, for example, "TP-SOC-30.tif" represents the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon stocks in the Third Pole regions of the upper 30 cm depth interval.