Predicted means, over studies, of percentage changes relative to their baseline values in lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM) and body mass (BM) means.

ER =  Energy Restriction, ER+A =  Energy Restriction + Aerobic Training, ER+R =  Energy Restriction + Resistance Training, and, ER+A+R =  Energy Restriction + a combination of Aerobic and Resistance Training. Plus-minus values are predicted means and their standard errors from the linear mixed model analysis. Within a row, corresponding to a variable, predicted means with lower-case letters in common are not significantly different on the basis of LSDs. n is the number of groups exposed to a certain treatment; excludes 2 studies that reported skeletal mass.