HIF-signaling in the prothoracic gland regulates growth and development in hypoxia but not normoxia in Drosophila

The developmental regulation of body size is a fundamental life-history characteristic that in most animals is tied to the transition from juvenile to adult form. In holometabolous insects this transition is ostensibly initiated at the attainment of a critical weight in the final larval instar. It has been hypothesized that the size-sensing mechanism used to determine attainment of critical weight exploits oxygen limitation as a larvae grows beyond the oxygen-delivery capacity of its fixed tracheal system; that is, developmentally-induced cellular hypoxia initiates the synthesis of the molting hormone ecdysone by the prothoracic gland. We tested this hypothesis in Drosophila by assaying cellular hypoxia throughout the third-larval instar at 21 and 10 kPa O2, using the activity of the HIF-signalling pathway as a measure of hypoxia. While HIF-signalling was elevated at low levels of environmental O2 it did not markedly increase during development at either oxygen level, and was only suppr..., The data include:

Gene expression analysis of HIF-signaling genes in Drosophila melanogaster third-instar larvae reared at 10, 21 and 40 kPa O2.
Western blot analysis of HIF-1α protein in Drosophila melanogaster third-instar larvae reared at 10, 21 and 40 kPa O2.
Adult body size, developmental time, and survival of Drosophila melanogaster reared at 10 and 21 kPa O2, in which HIF-signaling in the prothoracic gland has been up- and down-regulated.
, , # Data from: HIF-signaling in the prothoracic gland regulates growth and development in hypoxia but not normoxia in Drosophila

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gf1vhhmxm](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gf1vhhmxm)

## Description of the data and file structure

The data were collected from *Drosophila* larvae and adults reared in hypoxia (10kPa O2), normoxia (21kPa O2), or hyperoxia (40kPa O2).  *Drosophila* were either wildtype controls or had up- and down-regulated HIF signaling in the PG by knockdown of *Hph* and *HIF-1α *expression, respectively, using phm-GAL4 to drive expression of *UAS*-*Hph*.RNAi and *UAS*-*HIF-1α.RNAi*.

### Files and variables

The archive comprises six files. An RMarkdown file (Analysis.rmd) of the annotated code used to conduct the analysis and five text files (.csv) of the data used in the analysis.

The data files are as follows:

1. Expression.csv contains the gene expression data. Variables include which gene is being analyzed (gene), experimental treatment...