The twenty amino acids are identified by unique numbers assigned to the uracil, cytosine, adenine, and guanine found in the three base positions of the sixty-four messenger RNA genetic codons

A codon’s three bases consist of any combination of uracil, cytosine, adenine, or guanine and these encode the twenty amino acids. When the codon’s first two bases are given specific values, and those values are multiplied, then the third base of the codon is used during translation only when the product is greater than three. Here we show that those values plus more variables within the ribosomal decoding site results in specific flow values for each of the twenty amino acid groups. These results are demonstrated in a flow chart showing the unidirectional flow which is expected during the translation process. All twenty amino acids can be represented by numbers that describe their relationship to each other and to the decoding site. We anticipate our findings will increase discussion about using a number system to better understand the translation process., There are sixty-one codons that are read by the ribosome and these encode the twenty amino acids. Our dataset assigns numbers to each of the 61 codons.  These numbers are calculated by assigning numerical values to the uracil, guanine, adenine, and cytosine that comprise mRNA during translation. Values are also assigned to the site within the ribosome that reads these codons. Twenty values result and they break the sixty-one codons into their respective twenty protein classes. For example, there are six codons that encode for serine and the value chart shows all six have the same value of 9.1, which is unique to serine and not found representing any of the other nineteen amino acid groups. Flow charts are used to show these values calculated in a unidirectional flow as is expected during translation., , # Each of the twenty amino acids in the codon dictionary has its own numerical value

Table 1. The standard codon dictionary. The triplet codons consist of three bases of uracil (U), cytosine (C), adenine (A), and guanine (G). This creates sixty-four codon triplets, sixty-one of which encode the twenty amino acids. UAA, UAG, and UGA are termination codons that do not encode protein.

Fig. 1. The codon dictionary flow chart. The sixty-one encoding triplets follow a three-step flow chart. First, the triplets with the second base A always use their third base during translation as they encode for proteins. Second, the codons exhibiting a C as their second base do not use their third base during the encoding process. Finally, the first bases C and G do not encode unless their second base was an A, which was already taken care of in the first step.   The remaining two first base possibilities are U and A and they do encode unless their second base was a C, which was taken care of in the se...