In May 2021, the average transaction size with carrier billing in Hong Kong amounted to 3.2 U.S. dollars. Carrier billing is a popular method to pay for digital purchases via mobile, especially conten
The individual-level data from the World Bank Global Findex database (2017, 2021, and 2024 survey waves, published as Global Findex 2025) and replication codes.
ABSTRACT Fintechs have created a new global financial reality, providing access to services that were previously provided only by banks. This article aims to identify facilitators and barriers faced b