Characterization of ELSA-Brasil participants (N = 12586) by frequency of coffee consumption per day, at baseline (2008–2010).

Values are means and standard deviations for continuous variables and frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (kg/m2); WHR, waist-hip ratio.
a “Other”: those reporting their race/skin color as “Asian” or “Indigenous.
b Highest level of instruction completed was High school, or less.
c Typically engage in leisure time physical activity 1 day/week or less.
Characterization of ELSA-Brasil participants (N = 12586) by frequency of coffee consumption per day, at baseline (2008–2010).