Inferring the dynamics of populations in time and space is a central challenge in ecology. Intra-specific structure (for example genetically distinct sub-populations or meta-populations) may require
N is the number of samples collected in each locality and H corresponds to the haplotypes found according to Fig. 3. Outgroup taxon (last row): Juniperus oxycedrus var. oxycedrus. See Table S2 for vou