Phyto-metabolomic investigation of biologically active fraction of <i>Phanera vahlii (Wight & Arn.) Benth.</i> leaf
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<i>Phanera vahlii</i> (Wight & Arn.) Benth., leaves are used traditionally in variety of diseases. Chemical examination of the leaves yielded Davinvolunol B (1) and Quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (2). Compared with the other extracts, the aqueous methanol extract significantly inhibited <i>Streptococcus aureus</i> with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 8 µg/mL. In the anticancer activity assay, the ethyl acetate extract was effective against HeLa cells (IC<sub>50</sub> 19 µg/mL), the methanol extract was effective against A549 cells (IC<sub>50</sub> of 19 µg/mL), the aqueous methanol extract was effective against PANC-1 cells (IC<sub>50</sub> of 17 µg/mL) and the chloroform extract was effective against HT1080 cells (IC<sub>50</sub> of 19 µg/mL). The polar extracts which showed good antioxidant activity exhibited strong bioactivity. This finding was supported by untargeted phytometabolite profiling of extracts using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MSE. The PCA score plot and the Ven diagram revealed that the extracts had a distinctive and adequate number of polar molecules that likely contributed to their observed inhibitory activity.
大托叶羊蹄甲（<i>Phanera vahlii</i> (Wight & Arn.) Benth.）的叶片在传统医学中被用于治疗多种疾病。对其叶片开展化学分析，分离得到达文沃伦醇B（Davinvolunol B，1）与槲皮素-3-O-鼠李糖苷（Quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside，2）。与其余提取物相比，水甲醇提取物对<i>Streptococcus aureus</i>具有显著抑制活性，半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）为8 μg/mL。在抗癌活性检测实验中，乙酸乙酯提取物对海拉细胞（HeLa）展现出抑制活性（IC₅₀=19 μg/mL）；甲醇提取物对A549细胞（人肺癌细胞A549）具有抑制活性（IC₅₀=19 μg/mL）；水甲醇提取物对PANC-1细胞（人胰腺癌细胞PANC-1）具有抑制活性（IC₅₀=17 μg/mL）；而氯仿提取物对HT1080细胞（人纤维肉瘤细胞HT1080）具有抑制活性（IC₅₀=19 μg/mL）。表现出良好抗氧化活性的极性提取物同时具备较强的生物活性。该研究结论通过采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离-四极杆-飞行时间质谱联用法（UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MSE）对提取物开展非靶向植物代谢物表征得到了验证。主成分分析得分图（PCA score plot）与韦恩图（Ven diagram）结果显示，各提取物中均含有独特且足量的极性分子，这极有可能是其观测到的抑制活性的物质基础。
