Cocrystals of 1,3,5-Cyclohexanetricarboxylic Acid with 4,4‘-Bipyridine Homologues: Acid···Pyridine Hydrogen Bonding in Neutral and Ionic Complexes

cis,cis-1,3,5-Cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid (H3CTA) is crystallized with bipyridine bases 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (bipy-eta), 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl-2-ethyl)benzene (bipy-etabz), 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bipy-ete), and
1,4-bis(2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl)benzene (bipy-etebz) to afford molecular complexes (H3CTA)·(bipy-eta)1.51, (H3CTA)·(bipy-etabz) 2, (H2CTA-)·(bipy-ete2H+)0.53, and (H2CTA-)·(bipy-etebz2H+)0.54. Cocrystal 1 has a super honeycomb
hydrogen bond network stabilized by carboxylic acid-bipyridine O−H···N synthon Va. The hexagonal cavity of 34.1
× 36.7 Å is filled by parallel triple interpenetration of independent networks. 2 has zigzag chains of synthon Va
connected via O−H···O hydrogen bonds. Carboxylic acid to pyridine proton transfer occurs in 3 and 4. These structures
have undulated and flat 2D layers of O−H···O- and O−H···O hydrogen bonds that are connected to bipyridinium
via N+−H···O- hydrogen bond Vb. H2CTA- anions in 4 form a porous parquet grid of 14.5 × 7.5 Å with the channels
accommodating two molecules of bipy-etebz2H+. Supramolecular organization and 3D architecture in H3CTA crystal
structures is compared with bipyridine adducts of trimesic acid.