MINOCA (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH NON- OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERIES)

MINOCA is defined as myocardial infarction with mild or no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) on angiography. It is a heterogeneous syndrome with multiple underlying causes, including coronary artery spasm (vasospastic angina), coronary embolism, spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), plaque disruption and coronary microvascular disruption (CMD). Additionally, non-ischemic conditions such as Myocarditis and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy may mimic its presence. It is characterized by evidence of acute myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease, conventionally characterized as the presence of coronary stenosis of 50% or greater on Angiography. Epidemiologically, approx 5-15% of all MI cases globally and is more common in younger individuals and females featuring as recurrent adverse cardiovascular events, persistent anginal syndromes and deminished quality of life.