Monthly reconstructed global horizontal irradiance dataset for 149 meteorological stations in Vietnam (1961–2022)

This dataset provides reconstructed monthly global horizontal irradiance (GHI) for 149 meteorological stations across Vietnam covering the period 1961–2022. The reconstruction was generated using a climate-sub-region-specific Ångström–Prescott (AP) model driven by long-term sunshine-duration observations. Regional AP coefficients were calibrated using radiation measurements from fourteen (14) stations representing seven climatic sub-regions and independently validated against high-quality observations from five (5) World Bank/Vietnam Electricity (EVN) solar monitoring stations, in addition to evaluations against ERA5 reanalysis and CERES satellite products. The dataset includes monthly reconstructed GHI values, station metadata, and climate-sub-region-specific AP model coefficients. As the most spatially comprehensive long-term station-based solar radiation dataset currently available for Vietnam, it provides a valuable resource for solar energy assessment, climate variability studies, renewable energy planning, and related environmental applications.