Particles' mass and the connection to the square of the magnetic flux quantum, and the Quarks at energy levels within the baryons.

The investigated issues presented in this article stemmed from a discovery that resulted from using the magnetic flux quantum, that combine the Planck's constant and the Elementary charge. It led to a new relationship between the combined expressions, and it revealed that the mass of the electron is associated with the magnitude of the square of the magnetic flux quantum (Conclusions arising from this possibility are described in more detail at the end of the article in the Conclusions section). Also it revealed a novel significance of the vacuum permittivity constant (in SI units), that relies also on an analogy to the kinetic theory of gases. By using the concept of the nucleus motion around the center of mass shared with the electron in the Hydrogen atom, along with defineing the orbital angular momentum of the proton at the trajectory around the center of mass, yield a velocity of the proton at this trajectory, and also a new physical constant which fulfill a similar role like the fine structure constant, and it yields also results for the proton and neutron masses and their radii. Another aspect presented briefly, demonstrates the connection between the square of the magnetic flux quantum through the Bohr radius that provides a novel significance of the wave function in the atom. This paper presents also a new perspective on the internal structure of the proton and neutron with their quarks, and on the origin of the weak force bosons associated with this internal structure. The quark model was initially proposed independently by physicists Marie Gell-Mann and George Zweig in 1964. The Quarks were introduced as part of an ordering scheme for hadrons. In this paper the proton, neutron and all baryons consist of two energy levels on which the Up and Down quarks are in an orbit level (The Gluons are exchanged between them at their levels), and a third energy level that equal to ~ 80 [Gev], that plays a central role in the decay process via the weak force. The results are in full accordance with the results published by NIST CODATA 2018. The mass of the electron and other subatomic particles is related to the magnitude of the square of the magnetic flux quantum which makes up the particles. This relationship results in a novel expression of universal constants. The formalism developed in this paper yields the radii of the proton and the neutron from theory. As a conclusions arising from the existence of a subatomic particle with a mass related to the square of the magnetic flux quantum, the effects related to the electron are: The oscillation of a magnetic flux quantum produces electromagnetic waves. The magnetic flux quantum can exist in a superposition. The magnetic flux quantum can be split when passing through a double-slit experiment.