Encapsulation for perovskite integrated devices and multi-scenario applications

Perovskite photovoltaics have attracted extensive research attention as the third-generation photovoltaic technology due to their outstanding photoelectric performance, enabling diverse applications such as flexible wearable devices, energy storage devices, fuel conversion devices, smart photovoltaic devices, and space application equipment. However, an important prerequisite for achieving multi-scenario applications lies in ensuring their long-term stability to meet the actual application requirements. Encapsulation plays a crucial role in achieving this stability. For this reason, this review systematically studies the degradation mechanisms of perovskite photovoltaics and comprehensively summarizes encapsulation as a key strategy for enhancing their stability, covering various encapsulation materials and prevalent technologies. More importantly, this paper focuses on the encapsulating technologies in multi-scenario application devices, aiming to deepen the basic understanding of the degradation mechanisms, provide practical guidelines for the development of next-generation encapsulating solutions, and promote the application expansion of encapsulating technologies in broader fields.