Replication package for "When Water Arrives: Large-Scale Infrastructure and Drought Resilience in the Brazilian Semi-Arid"

This repository contains the replication package for the paper “When Water Arrives: Large-Scale Infrastructure and Drought Resilience in the Brazilian Semi-Arid”. The paper studies whether Brazil’s São Francisco River Integration Project (PISF), one of the largest water-transfer projects in Latin America, attenuated the drought-damage function faced by municipalities in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The empirical design compares immediate and later beneficiaries within the official PISF universe, exploiting staged operational access after 2017 and interacting annual drought intensity with active PISF exposure and historical drought vulnerability. The estimates use municipality fixed effects, state-year fixed effects, municipality-specific drought slopes, and municipality-clustered standard errors. The package includes processed municipality-year and school-year data, replication scripts in Python and R, documentation, data dictionaries, audit reports, and provided figures. The Python script is the canonical replication route and reproduces the main numerical results reported in the manuscript, including the agricultural damage-function estimates, severe child-health estimates, upper-secondary dropout estimates, and robustness checks.