Microbe sample for Escherichia coli E4736

Recently, five distinct clades of Escherichia have been recovered from the aquatic environments, and they are believed to be environmentally adapted.We collecting these environmentally adapted E. coli isolates from Hong Kong. Hope to find an answer for the question that how these strains have evolved and whether they are ecologically different from E. coli sensus stricto. These findings will expand our understanding of the ecology and the role of genetic traits, recombination, horizontal gene transfer and natural selection on the adaptation of E. coli population to different niches.