MERIT-FullBasin: A global 90-meter basin dataset with a per-pixel upstream index and morphometric attributes

MERIT-FullBasin is a globally seamless 90 m basin dataset derived from MERIT-Hydro across all 22.26 billion land pixels. At per-pixel resolution it delivers three things no prior global product combined: basin identity, upstream-catchment topology, and upstream morphometric attributes. The Basin Attribute Table records 24,587,290 outlets, of which 340,991 are basins above 1 km² in upstream drainage area, together covering over 99.5% of global land. Usage requires no hydrologic modeling: a per-pixel query reduces to a single GeoTIFF read or a single table lookup. Released as v1.0 (CC BY 4.0). The underlying MERIT-Hydro flow-direction / flow-accumulation rasters are not redistributed; download them from the MERIT-Hydro archive (Yamazaki et al., 2019). Tier 1 — Basin & region masks with attribute tables File Content Type NoData bsn_global_90m.tif, bsn_region*_90m.tif basin mask (global_basin_id) UInt32 0 bsn_region*_90m_remapped.tif basin mask (local_basin_id) UInt32 0 rgn_global_90m.tif region mask (region_id) UInt8 0 bat_global_90m.csv, bat_region*_90m.csv Basin Attribute Table CSV — rat_global_90m.csv Region Attribute Table CSV — All basin-level tables share three linking keys — global_basin_id, region_id, local_basin_id — for direct cross-referencing between the raster masks and the attribute records. Tier 2 — Per-pixel depth-first-search interval index File Content Type NoData dfs_in_region*_90m.tif DFS entry timestamp Int32 -1 dfs_out_region*_90m.tif DFS exit timestamp Int32 -1 A single interval-containment comparison on (dfs_in, dfs_out) returns the complete upstream catchment of any target pixel, and the index losslessly encodes the underlying D8 flow-direction raster. Tier 3 — Sixteen per-pixel upstream morphometric attributes All Float32, NoData -9999, file pattern <name>_region*_90m.tif, populated where upstream drainage area ≥ 10 km² (≈ 440 million pixels). File prefix Attribute Unit mean_elev_upstream mean upstream elevation m min_elev_upstream minimum upstream elevation m max_elev_upstream maximum upstream elevation m std_elev_upstream upstream elevation std. dev. m mean_slope_upstream mean upstream slope deg std_slope_upstream upstream slope std. dev. deg relief_basin basin relief m hypsometric_integral hypsometric integral — perimeter_catchment catchment perimeter km length_basin basin length km width_basin basin width km convexity_planform convexity — elongation_ratio elongation ratio — compactness_gravelius Gravelius compactness — circularity_ratio circularity ratio — lemniscate_ratio lemniscate ratio — Format & packaging Native grid 432,000 × 174,000 pixels, global, 3 arcsec (≈ 90 m), WGS84, co-registered with MERIT-Hydro. Rasters are DEFLATE-compressed GeoTIFF; tables are CSV. Distributed as per-region archives (region_000XX.zip) plus global_rasters.zip and global_tables.zip. Related records MERIT Hydro (input flow direction & accumulation) — doi:10.1029/2019WR024873 MERIT DEM (elevation source) — doi:10.1002/2017GL072874 MERIT-FlowTopo — doi:10.5281/zenodo.20653059 MERIT-DrainAttr — doi:10.5281/zenodo.20686665