Ranking of the ten most central hashtags (according to their values of betweenness centrality) within the M5S and the MINGOs partisan communities.

The M5S community presents a peculiar mix of hashtags characterizing both the CSX, as #facciamorete (‘let’s act as a network’), and the DX community, as #bibbiano, along with original hashtags referring to the governmental crisis in August 2019 and the formation of a new government in September 2019, as #governoconte2 (‘government Conte 2’) and #salvinitraditore (‘Salvini traitor’); on the other hand, the MINGOs community is characterized by an evident support towards specific pro-migration topics and slogans, as hashtags like #ioaccolgo (‘I host’) prove The normalized betweenness of each hashtag, multiplied by a factor equal to 108, is reported in parentheses.