Landslides Kosñipata Valley, Peru (Clark et al. 2016)

Please cite: Clark, K. E., West, A. J., Hilton, R. G., Asner, G. P., Quesada, C. A., Silman, M. R., Saatchi, S. S., Farfan Rios, W., Martin, R. E., Horwath, A. B., Halladay, K., New, M., and Malhi, Y. (2016), Storm-triggered landslides in the Peruvian Andes and implications for topography, carbon cycles, and biodiversity, Earth Surface Dynamics, 4, 47-70, doi: 10.5194/esurf-4-47-2016.

Landslides within the Kosñipata Valley in Peru were manually mapped over a 25-year period from 1988 to 2012 using Landsat 5 (Landsat Thematic Mapper) and Landsat 7 (Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) satellite images. The landslide inventory was produced by manually mapping landslide scars and their deposits in ArcGIS and by verifying via ground truthing of scars in the field. Mapping involved visually comparing images from one year to the next, specifically evaluating contrasting colour changes that suggest a landslide had occurred. The landslide areas visible via spectral contrast in the Landsat images include regions of failure, run-out areas, and deposits. Pan-sharpened high-resolution Quickbird and Worldview images were used to define the landslide boundaries.

Topographic shadow produced by hillslopes covered a minimum of 21% of the study area (35 km2 out of 185 km2), predominantly on southwest-facing slopes was consistently present between images. Landslides that fell within these shadow areas were not visible. Any landslides that were partially mapped underneath the Landsat topographic shadow were removed (see Figure 2a in Clark et al. 2016).

This product was created by Kathryn Clark ([e-mail]).

Other spatial datasets from Clark et al. (2016):
Clark, K., J. West, R. Hilton (2017). Landsat topographic shadow, Kosñipata Valley, Peru (Clark et al. 2016), HydroShare, http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/bdb9c4b4788d4141845947c81e5cceba
Clark, K., J. West, R. Hilton (2017). Region of landslide mapping, Kosñipata Valley, Peru (Clark et al. 2016), HydroShare, http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/c08742b733274f7dbf75891a7c185626
Clark, K., J. West, R. Hilton (2017). Landslide rates and hillslope turnover, Kosñipata Valley, Peru (Clark et al. 2016), HydroShare, http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/147e9ebecde442ed97738de7f404c057

请引用：Clark, K. E.，West, A. J.，Hilton, R. G.，Asner, G. P.，Quesada, C. A.，Silman, M. R.，Saatchi, S. S.，Farfan Rios, W.，Martin, R. E.，Horwath, A. B.，Halladay, K.，New, M.，及Malhi, Y. (2016)，秘鲁安第斯山脉的暴雨诱发的滑坡及其对地形、碳循环和生物多样性的影响，地球表面动力学，4，47-70，doi: 10.5194/esurf-4-47-2016。

在1988年至2012年长达25年的时间跨度内，通过使用Landsat 5（Landsat主题测绘仪）和Landsat 7（Landsat增强主题测绘仪）卫星影像，对秘鲁科斯尼帕塔山谷的滑坡进行了人工测绘。滑坡目录的构建是通过在ArcGIS中人工绘制滑坡痕迹及其沉积物，并通过现场实地验证痕迹的真实性完成的。测绘过程涉及逐年图像的视觉对比，特别是评估那些暗示发生滑坡的对比色变化。通过Landsat图像中的光谱对比可见的滑坡区域包括失稳区域、滑动区域和沉积物。使用全分辨率增强的Quickbird和Worldview图像来定义滑坡边界。

由山坡产生的地形阴影覆盖了研究区域至少21%（185平方公里中的35平方公里），在图像之间，西南向的斜坡上始终存在这种阴影。位于这些阴影区域内的滑坡不可见。任何部分位于Landsat地形阴影下的滑坡均被移除（参见Clark等，2016年图2a）。

本产品由Kathryn Clark（[e-mail]）制作。

其他来自Clark等（2016年）的空间数据集：
Clark, K.，J. West，R. Hilton (2017)。秘鲁科斯尼帕塔山谷的Landsat地形阴影（Clark等，2016年），HydroShare，http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/bdb9c4b4788d4141845947c81e5cceba
Clark, K.，J. West，R. Hilton (2017)。秘鲁科斯尼帕塔山谷的滑坡测绘区域（Clark等，2016年），HydroShare，http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/c08742b733274f7dbf75891a7c185626
Clark, K.，J. West，R. Hilton (2017)。秘鲁科斯尼帕塔山谷的滑坡速率和山坡周转率（Clark等，2016年），HydroShare，http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/147e9ebecde442ed97738de7f404c057