Ginseng polysaccharides circumvent acquired resistance to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Ginseng polysaccharides enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) in combating tumors. Furthermore, ginseng polysaccharides can function as an adjunctive dietary intervention for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to improve immunotherapy efficacy. In this study, we report the first case series of patients with advanced NSCLC with acquired resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy who were treated with oral administration of ginseng polysaccharides, which resulted in overcoming acquired resistance and regaining a response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). These preliminary data provide valuable clinical clues for overcoming the acquired resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy.