3-generation Exposure Study

The Semipalatinsk nuclear test site (STS) is located approximately 150 km west of the city of Semipalatinsk (now called Semey), and was a major site for nuclear weapons testing by the former Soviet Union. It was here that the Soviet Union conducted their first nuclear test on 29 August 1949. Later, 465 nuclear explosions were carried out between 1949 and 1989, including 118 atmospheric events (88 air events and 30 surface events) from 1949-1962. The last event was conducted at the STS on 19 October 1989. The total yield of atmospheric events conducted at STS is reported to be 6.58 megatons of TNT equivalent, which corresponds to approximately 66% of the total es mated Soviet bomb yield. The Research Institute for Radiation Medicine and Ecology in Semey, Kazakhstan, runs a registry of the population living around STS. It is the successor of the 1957-founded medical ins tu on Dispensary No. 4 of the USSR Ministry of Health whose activities included studies on the health effects of radiation exposure to those residing adjacent to the STS. In 2014, the Institute started collecting information on 8,400 persons from the Register, setting up the basis for a three -generation study. The following data are abstracted: a) registration data: individual’s ID, sex, nationality, date and place of birth; b) medical information (where applicable): diagnoses names and dates, congenital malformations, cause of death; c) dosimetry data: radiation route, radiation dose (based on doses assigned by Kazakh legislation, which can differ from the doses estimated by other methods); d) information on lifestyle factors: smoking, alcohol; availability of biological samples: blood, DNA, tumour and normal tissues. This information is included in the STORE database (AIR2, #3). Of the 8,400 individuals registered, 2,380 were affected by the test, 2,937 belong to the F1 generation and 3,083 to the F2 genera on. Overall, the following information is available: 11,327 medical diagnosis for incident cases, 1,199 causes of death, 1,937 smoking information, 2,982 drinking information, 215 blood samples, 79 DNA, 14 cancer and 14 healthy tissue samples, and for 145 information on chromosomal aberrations. Data are available through STORE by agreement with the data curators. Reference: Susanne Bauer, Boris Gusev, Tatyana Belikhina, Timur Moldagaliev, Kazbek Apsalikov, The Legacies of Soviet Nuclear Testing in Kazakhstan, Radioactivity in the Environment, Volume 19, 2013, Pages 241-258, ISSN 1569-4860, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/塞米巴拉金斯克核试验场（Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, STS）位于塞米巴拉金斯克市（现更名为塞米伊市）以西约150公里处，曾是前苏联开展核武器试验的核心场地。1949年8月29日，前苏联在此完成了其首次核试验。1949年至1989年间，该场地共实施465次核爆炸，其中1949年至1962年间共有118次大气层核试验（含88次空中核试验与30次地面核试验）。最后一次试验于1989年10月19日在STS场地进行。据记载，该场地大气层核试验的总当量约为6.58百万吨TNT当量，约占前苏联核弹总估算当量的66%。 哈萨克斯坦塞米伊辐射医学与生态学研究所（Research Institute for Radiation Medicine and Ecology）负责管理STS周边居民登记库，该机构的前身是1957年成立的苏联卫生部第4医疗门诊所，其早期工作涵盖了针对STS周边居民辐射暴露健康影响的相关研究。 2014年，该研究所从登记库中调取8400人的信息，以此为基础启动了一项三代人研究项目。本次数据集提取的信息包括： a) 登记信息：个人编号、性别、国籍、出生日期及出生地； b) 医疗信息（如适用）：诊断名称与日期、先天性畸形、死亡原因； c) 剂量学数据（dosimetry data）：辐射途径、辐射剂量（该剂量基于哈萨克斯坦立法划定的标准，可能与其他方法估算的剂量存在差异）； d) 生活方式因素信息：吸烟、饮酒情况，以及生物样本留存情况：血液、DNA、肿瘤组织与正常组织样本。 上述信息已纳入STORE数据库（AIR2, #3）。在登记的8400名个体中，2380人受到核试验影响，2937人属于F1代，3083人属于F2代。目前可获取的完整数据包括：11327例发病病例的医疗诊断记录、1199例死亡原因数据、1937条吸烟信息、2982条饮酒信息、215份血液样本、79份DNA样本、14份癌组织样本与14份正常组织样本，另有145条染色体畸变相关信息。 研究者可通过与数据管理员达成协议，经STORE数据库获取相关数据。 参考文献：苏珊娜·鲍尔（Susanne Bauer）、鲍里斯·古谢夫（Boris Gusev）、塔季扬娜·别利希娜（Tatyana Belikhina）、季穆尔·莫尔达加利耶夫（Timur Moldagaliev）、卡兹别克·阿普萨利科夫（Kazbek Apsalikov），《哈萨克斯坦境内苏联核试验遗留影响》，载《环境中的放射性》（Radioactivity in the Environment）第19卷，2013年，第241-258页，ISSN 1569-4860，http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/