Long-term continuous monocroping of Macadamia integrifolia greatly affects soil physicochemical properties, rhizospheric bacterial diversity, and metabolite contents

Macadamia integrifolia is the most economically important Proteaceae crop known for its edible nuts. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of continuous monoculture cultivation of M. integrifolia on soil quality, bacterial diversity, and metabolites in three different Macadamia rhizosphere orchards: 1-year monoculture orchard = CK; 5-year monoculture orchard = Y5; and 20-year monoculture orchard = Y20 through metagenomic and metabolomic profiling.