Geochemical data of Fluorite (CaF2) Deposit in Amba Dongar Carbonatite Complex, Gujarat, India

Fluoritite, a rock with more than 50% fluorite, is commonly found alongside carbonatite rock sequences in various magmatic environments worldwide. Despite this, their petrological evolution is not fully understood. Various studies have linked their formation to a combination of field disposition, lithological relationships, textural evidence, fluid inclusion studies, and the coexistence of rocks with contrasting mineralogy and geochemical characteristics. Current research suggests that fluorite may form during the later stages of silicate and carbonate magma crystallization, particularly from fluoride-rich melts. The Amba Dongar carbonatite complex in Gujarat, India, serves as an excellent case study for examining such fluorite deposits. Previous research has demonstrated that the multi-phase liquid immiscibility of carbonatite melt played a crucial role in generating different parental fluids for distinct rock formations. Interaction between fluorine-rich fluids and calcium-rich limestone further contributed to fluorite formation. In the present study, a comprehensive approach combining field observations, textural analyses, and advanced analytical techniques such as XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, ICP-MS, and FE-EPMA was used to infer the petrogenesis of the fluoritite of Amba Dongar carbonatite complex. These analyses revealed close mineralogical relationships and textural similarities among fluorite-bearing and carbonatite rocks, suggesting a genetic linkage to a common magma source. However, liquid immiscibility resulted in rocks with distinct compositional variations. This research enhances understanding of fluorite formation processes in carbonatite-associated deposits and the genesis of fluorite-rich rocks in such geological settings.