Raw ChIP-seq data of OsVAL2 overexpression materials, using an anti-FLAG antibody.

Crop production is persistently threatened by a multitude of destructive diseases. In rice, the Ca2+ sensor RESISTANCE OF RICE TO DISEASES1 (ROD1) is a key regulator of defense against major pathogens, including those causing blast, sheath blight, and bacterial blight. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ROD1-mediated immune suppression remain largely elusive. Here, we characterize an immune signalling cascade comprising the B3-domain transcription factor OsVAL2, the DOF transcription factor OsDOF3, as well as their downstream target OsCSE encoding a caffeoyl shikimate esterase. We demonstrate that the OsVAL2-OsDOF3-OsCSE module promotes lignin deposition and cell wall fortification to confer broad-spectrum disease resistance. ROD1 interacts with and sequesters OsVAL2 in the cytoplasm, thereby preventing its nuclear translocation and subsequent initiation of this immune program. Our findings reveal a spatiotemporal regulatory mechanism that maintains immune homeostasis, highlighting the crucial role of cell wall remodelling in crop disease resistance. Overall design: We germinated homozygous OsVAL2 overexpression materials (Ubi_OsVAL2_FLAG) using hydroponics. Leaves from 14-day-old seedlings were ground in liquid nitrogen. Subsequently, the chromatin was fragmented by sonication following standard ChIP-seq procedures, and 20 µl of this sample was aliquoted as the control group (OsVAL2_control_ChIP). DNA fragments immunoprecipitated with FLAG beads were used as the experimental group (OsVAL2_ChIP). The samples were then used for library construction, sequencing, and subsequent data alignment and analysis..