Transforming Drainage Research Data (USDA-NIFA Award No. 2015-68007-23193)

This dataset contains research data compiled by the “Managing Water for Increased Resiliency of Drained Agricultural Landscapes” project a.k.a. Transforming Drainage. This project was funded from 2015-2021 by the United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA-NIFA, Award No. 2015-68007-23193). Data are also available from a separate web-accessible application (drainagedata.org). At drainagedata.org, users can visualize the data with customized tools, query based on specific sites and measurements of interest, and access site photographs, maps, summaries, and publications. Additional data or edits made following the publication of this data here at USDA NAL Ag Data Commons will be posted under the Versions tab on drainagedata.org.
These data began in 1996 and include plot- and field-level measurements for 39 experiments across the Midwest and North Carolina. Practices studied include controlled drainage, drainage water recycling, and saturated buffers. In total, 219 variables are reported and span 207 site-years for tile drainage, 154 for nitrate-N load, 181 for water quality, 92 for water table, and 201 for crop yield.
The Transforming Drainage Project worked to advance the process of designing and implementing agricultural drainage systems for storing water in the landscape to improve the resiliency and productivity of agricultural systems. At each site, a control plot was paired with a plot with one of the following three practices to assess impacts.

Controlled Drainage (CD) is the practice of using a water control structure to raise the depth of the drainage outlet, holding water in the field during periods when drainage is not needed.

Drainage Water Recycling (DWR) diverts subsurface drainage water into on-farm ponds or reservoirs, where it is stored until it can be used by the crop later in the season through supplemental irrigation.

Saturated Buffers (SB) remove nitrate from subsurface drainage water by diverting it into the buffer where it can be taken up by growing vegetation or removed by denitrification.
Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Field management - tillage. File Name: mngt_tillage_data.csvResource Description: Information about tillage operations performed in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Field management – notes. File Name: mngt_notes_data.csvResource Description: General information about field conditions during the study periodResource Title: Field management – residue. File Name: mngt_residue_data.csvResource Description: Information about residue management in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Field management – fertilizing. File Name: mngt_fertilizing_data.csvResource Description: Information about fertilizer application and soil amendments performed in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Field management – harvesting. File Name: mngt_harvesting_data.csvResource Description: Information about harvesting operations performed in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Field management – planting. File Name: mngt_planting_data.csvResource Description: Information about planting operations performed in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Field management – irrigation. File Name: mngt_irrigation_data.csvResource Description: Information about irrigation operations performed in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Field management – drainage water management. File Name: mngt_dwm_data.csvResource Description: Information about drainage water management in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Weather data. File Name: weather_data.csvResource Description: On-site weather data collected in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Soil physicochemical properties data. File Name: soil_properties_data.csvResource Description: Soil physicochemical measurements collected in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Soil moisture data. File Name: soil_moisture_data.csvResource Description: Soil moisture, temperature and bulk EC measurements collected in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Irrigation data. File Name: irrigation_data.csvResource Description: Amount of irrigation water applied to the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Stage data. File Name: water_stage_data.csvResource Description: Stage measurements in the wetlands during the study periodResource Title: Water table data. File Name: water_table_data.csvResource Description: Water table measurements collected in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Water quality data. File Name: water_quality_data.csvResource Description: Water quality measurements collected from the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Methodology. File Name: meta_methods.csvResource Description: Description of the drainage system set up, sampling procedures, and other protocols used at each research site during the study periodResource Title: Plot treatment. File Name: meta_treatment_identifier.csvResource Description: List of treatments used across the research sites during the study periodResource Title: Plot description. File Name: meta_plot_characteristics.csvResource Description: Description of plots and corresponding drainage systems for each research siteResource Title: Agronomic data. File Name: agronomic_data.csvResource Description: Agronomic measurements collected in the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Site description. File Name: meta_site_characteristics.csvResource Description: Description of the research sitesResource Title: Drainage data. File Name: drain_flow_and_N_loads_data.csvResource Description: Drain flow and nitrate load measurements collected from the research fields during the study periodResource Title: Data dictionary. File Name: data_dictionary.csv

本数据集收录了由“管理水以增强排灌农业景观的适应性”项目（又名排水改造）所汇编的研究数据。该项目自2015年至2021年期间由美国农业部国家粮食与农业研究所（USDA-NIFA，资助编号2015-68007-23193）提供资金支持。此外，数据亦可通过独立的网络访问应用程序（drainagedata.org）获取。在drainagedata.org上，用户可以利用定制工具可视化数据，根据特定地点和感兴趣的测量指标进行查询，并访问现场照片、地图、总结和出版物。在USDA NAL Ag Data Commons发布此数据之后，所有额外数据或编辑内容将发布在drainagedata.org的“版本”标签下。该数据集始于1996年，包括中西部和北卡罗来纳州39个实验的田间和地块级测量数据。研究内容包括控制排水、排水水回收和饱和缓冲区。总计报告了219个变量，涵盖207个地块年份的明沟排水数据、154个年份的硝酸盐-N负荷数据、181个年份的水质数据、92个年份的地下水位数据和201个年份的作物产量数据。排水改造项目致力于推进设计并实施农业排水系统，以在景观中储存水分，从而提高农业系统的适应性和生产力。在每个研究地点，均将一个对照地块与实施以下三种措施之一的地块进行配对，以评估其影响。

* 控制排水（CD）：通过使用水控制结构提升排水出口的深度，在排水不需要的时期保持田间的水分。

* 排水水回收（DWR）：将地下排水水引入田间池塘或水库，储存起来，以便在季节后期通过补充灌溉供作物使用。

* 饱和缓冲区（SB）：通过将地下排水水引流至缓冲区，使其被生长的植被吸收或通过反硝化作用去除硝酸盐。

本数据集包含的资源包括：
资源标题：田间管理 - 耕作。文件名：mngt_tillage_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间研究田地中进行的耕作操作信息
资源标题：田间管理 – 备注。文件名：mngt_notes_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间田间状况的一般信息
资源标题：田间管理 – 留茬。文件名：mngt_residue_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间研究田地中进行的留茬管理信息
资源标题：田间管理 – 肥料。文件名：mngt_fertilizing_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间研究田地中进行的肥料应用和土壤改良信息
资源标题：田间管理 – 收获。文件名：mngt_harvesting_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间研究田地中进行的收获操作信息
资源标题：田间管理 – 播种。文件名：mngt_planting_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间研究田地中进行的播种操作信息
资源标题：田间管理 – 灌溉。文件名：mngt_irrigation_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间研究田地中进行的灌溉操作信息
资源标题：田间管理 – 排水水管理。文件名：mngt_dwm_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间研究田地中进行的排水水管理信息
资源标题：气象数据。文件名：weather_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间在研究田地收集的现场气象数据
资源标题：土壤物理化学性质数据。文件名：soil_properties_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间在研究田地收集的土壤物理化学测量数据
资源标题：土壤水分数据。文件名：soil_moisture_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间在研究田地收集的土壤水分、温度和体积电导率测量数据
资源标题：灌溉数据。文件名：irrigation_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间应用于研究田地的灌溉水量
资源标题：水位数据。文件名：water_stage_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间在湿地中的水位测量数据
资源标题：地下水位数据。文件名：water_table_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间在研究田地收集的地下水位测量数据
资源标题：水质数据。文件名：water_quality_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间从研究田地收集的水质测量数据
资源标题：方法。文件名：meta_methods.csv
资源描述：描述每个研究地点在研究期间建立的排水系统、采样程序和其他协议
资源标题：地块处理。文件名：meta_treatment_identifier.csv
资源描述：研究期间在研究地点使用的处理方法列表
资源标题：地块描述。文件名：meta_plot_characteristics.csv
资源描述：描述每个研究地点的地块和相应的排水系统
资源标题：农业数据。文件名：agronomic_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间在研究田地收集的农业测量数据
资源标题：地点描述。文件名：meta_site_characteristics.csv
资源描述：描述研究地点
资源标题：排水数据。文件名：drain_flow_and_N_loads_data.csv
资源描述：研究期间从研究田地收集的排水流量和硝酸盐负荷测量数据
资源标题：数据字典。文件名：data_dictionary.csv