WCAG

Contributions: This study offers valuable insights to MOOC designers about user priorities associated with web accessibility principles for designing web content that provides higher levels of user experience, motivating course completions. Background: MOOCs improve access to quality education. Despite policy support and more involvement by leading educational institutions worldwide, poor course completion rates undermine the objectives for MOOC diffusion. SWAYAM, the leading Indian MOOC platform, which is globally popular, has low course completion rates despite various favourable socio-demographic factors. Research Question: What are the necessary and sufficient web accessibility principles among perceivability, operability, understanding, and robustness in predicting user experience and course completion intentions of SWAYAM learners? Methodology: A cross-sectional survey (n=454) using a structured questionnaire among Indian learners currently participating in MOOCs in Swayam captured perceptions about web accessibility principles highlighted in WCAG 20 guidelines. A combined application of structural equation modelling and necessary condition analysis revealed sufficient and necessary web accessibility principles for user experience and completion intentions. Findings: Web content accessibility principles are sufficient and necessary conditions for user experience. In developing completion intentions, however, only operability and robustness have a direct impact. Additionally, all accessibility constructs produce completion intentions indirectly through user experience, which indicates that user experience plays a crucial role in determining completion intentions. In addition, results showed that perceivability and understanding are necessary for completion intentions.

本研究为慕课（MOOC）设计者提供了宝贵的洞见，揭示了与网络无障碍原则相关的用户优先级，这些原则旨在设计能够提供更高用户体验水平的网络内容，进而激发课程完成率。背景：慕课平台提升了优质教育资源获取的途径。尽管得到了全球领先教育机构的政策支持及更广泛的参与，但课程完成率低下仍然削弱了慕课普及的目标。SWAYAM，作为全球知名的印度慕课平台，尽管具有各种有利的社会人口统计因素，但课程完成率仍然较低。研究问题：在可感知性、可操作性、可理解性和稳健性等方面，哪些网络无障碍原则是预测SWAYAM学习者用户体验和课程完成意愿的必要且充分条件？研究方法：采用横断面调查（n=454），对目前正在SWAYAM平台上参与慕课的印度学习者进行结构化问卷调查，以捕捉他们对WCAG 20指南中强调的网络无障碍原则的认知。通过结构方程模型和必要条件分析的联合应用，揭示了用户体验和完成意愿的必要且充分网络无障碍原则。研究结果：网络内容无障碍原则是用户体验的必要且充分条件。然而，在形成完成意愿方面，只有可操作性和稳健性具有直接影响。此外，所有无障碍结构均通过用户体验间接地产生完成意愿，这表明用户体验在决定完成意愿方面发挥着至关重要的作用。此外，研究结果还显示，可感知性和可理解性对于完成意愿是必要的。