Premature mortality by MALES, three-year period, Hamilton health region and peer group

Footnotes: 1 Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates). The table 13-10-0743-01 is an update of table 13-10-0412-01. This is because of the adoption of the 2015 version of the Health Region Geography. For more information, consult Statistics Canada's publication Health Regions: Boundaries and Correspondence with Census Geography" (catalogue number 82-402-X)." 2 Mortality is the death rate, which can be measured as total mortality (all causes of death combined) or by selected cause of death. All counts and rates are calculated using the total population (all age groups). 3 Potential years of life lost (PYLL) is the number of years of potential life not lived when a person dies prematurely" defined for this indicator as before age 75. All counts and rates in this table are calculated using the population aged 0 to 74." 4 Counts and rates in this table are based on three consecutive years of death data. Rates are per 100,000 population and were calculated by dividing the counts by three consecutive years of population data. 5 Rates are age-standardized using the direct method and the 2011 Canadian Census population structure. The use of a standard population results in more meaningful rate comparisons because it adjusts for variations in population age distributions over time and across geographic areas. 6 Counts and rates in this table exclude: deaths of non-residents of Canada; deaths of residents of Canada whose province or territory of residence was unknown; deaths for which age of decedent was unknown. 7 Rates in this table are based on place of residence for indicators derived from death events. 8 The number of deaths in Ontario for 2016 is considered preliminary. 9 Health regions are administrative areas defined by provincial ministries of health according to provincial legislation. The health regions presented in this table are based on boundaries and names in effect as of December 2017. For complete Canadian coverage, each northern territory represents a health region. 10 Peer groups are aggregations of health regions that share similar socio-economic and demographic characteristics, based on data from the 2011 Census of Population and 2011 National Household Survey. These are useful in the analysis of health regions, where important differences may be detected by comparing health regions within a peer group. The nine peer groups are identified by the letters A through I, which are appended to the health region 4-digit code. Caution should be taken when comparing data for the Peer Groups over time due to changes in the Peer Groups. In an analysis involving the peer groups, only one level of geography in Ontario should be used. For more information on the peer groups classification, consult Statistics Canada's publication Health Regions: Boundaries and Correspondence with Census Geography" (catalogue number 82-402-X)." 11 Before 2010, missing data on sex of the deceased were imputed based on death registration number. Starting with 2010 data year, missing data on sex of the deceased were imputed based on the cause of death information and a logistic regression. 12 The cause of death tabulated is the underlying cause of death. This is defined as (a) the disease or injury which initiated the train of events leading directly to death, or (b) the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury. The underlying cause is selected from the conditions listed on the medical certificate of cause of death. 13 Confidence intervals for age-standardized rates for selected causes of death data were produced using the Spiegelman method. Source: Spiegelman, M., Introduction to Demography" Revised Edition Cambridge 14 Confidence intervals for crude rates for selected causes of death data were produced using the Fleiss method. Source: Fleiss, JL., Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions" Second Edition New York 15 The 95% confidence interval (CI) illustrates the degree of variability associated with a number or a rate. 16 Wide confidence intervals (CIs) indicate high variability, thus, these numbers or rates should be interpreted and compared with due caution. 17 The following standard symbols are used in this Statistics Canada table: (..) for figures not available for a specific reference period, (...) for figures not applicable and (x) for figures suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act. 18 The figures shown in the tables have been subjected to a confidentiality procedure known as controlled rounding to prevent the possibility of associating statistical data with any identifiable individual. Under this method, all figures, including totals and margins, are rounded either up or down to a multiple of 5. Controlled rounding has the advantage over other types of rounding of producing additive tables as well as offering more protection. 19 Premature deaths are those of individuals who are younger than age 75.