东北三省大豆20m分辨率时空分布数据集（2017-2021年）

可靠的时空作物数据对于可持续农业管理至关重要。以中国东北三省（黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省）为研究区，耕地面积为249,600 km2，占全国耕地面积的15%（2018年）。基于10天合成的Sentinel-2（分辨率为20m）数据和实地验证数据，建立了一种基于衰老失水量和叶绿素浓度变化的大豆制图方法，获得2017-2021年东北三省20米空间分辨率的大豆空间分布数据集。研究表明2015-2020年大豆播种面积增加25,867km2，约89.10%。大豆扩张面积的80%以上分布在黑龙江省，且主要发生在曾经种植区。2020年全国大豆振兴的目标是大豆种植面积达到1.4亿亩，若按东北地区大豆面积约占全国大豆总面积的比例（约50%）分配，东北地区已超额完成任务。该数据集存储为.tif格式，压缩后数据量为285MB。

Reliable spatiotemporal crop data is critical for sustainable agricultural management. Taking the three northeastern provinces of China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning) as the study area, the cultivated land area here totals 249,600 km², accounting for 15% of the national total cultivated land area in 2018. Based on 10-day composite Sentinel-2 data (20 m spatial resolution) and field validation data, a soybean mapping method based on senescent water loss and chlorophyll concentration changes was established, and a soybean spatial distribution dataset with 20 m spatial resolution for the three northeastern provinces from 2017 to 2021 was obtained. The study shows that the soybean sown area increased by 25,867 km², approximately 89.10%, from 2015 to 2020. More than 80% of the expanded soybean cultivation area is distributed in Heilongjiang Province, and it mainly occurred in former croplands. The national soybean revitalization target in 2020 was to reach a soybean planting area of 140 million mu. If allocated according to the proportion that the soybean area in Northeast China accounts for approximately 50% of the total national soybean area, the Northeast region has already exceeded the target. This dataset is stored in .tif format, with a compressed data volume of 285 MB.