High prevalence of multidrug resistant P. aeruginosa strains recovered from bovine meat, fresh and smoked fish in Côte d’Ivoire

The overuse of antibiotics in animals as a growth-promoting agent and the emergence of bacterial multi-resistance become a concern. The aim of this study was to detect the antimicrobial resistance potential of virulent P. aeruginosa isolated from animal products. A total of 153 strains of P. aeruginosa multidrug-resistant (PAMDR) were isolated from bovine meat (93), fresh fish (36), and smoked fish (24). API20NE methods, susceptibility testing, serotyping and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the 16S gene and the blaSHV, blaTEM, blaIMP, blaVIM, blaPER, blaVEB, blaOXA-58 genes were performed. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates was resistant to aztreonam (83.1%), ticarcillin + clavulanic acid (52.1%), ticarcillin (51.1%) and to ciprofloxacin (42.6%). The Ambler class A, B, and D β-lactamase genes detected were in decreasing importance order, blaSHV (28.1%) (p <0.05), blaTEM (20.9%), blaPER (14.4%), blaVEB (13.1%), blaIMP (9.8%) and blaVIM (6.4%). The prevalence of resistance genes ranged from 0% to 21.5%, from 0% to 27.8%, and from 0% to 54.2%, respectively, in strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from beef, fresh fish and smoked fish. Genes studied are emerging resistance determinants in P. aeruginosa; which represents a risk for consumer resulting from eventual non-compliant animal products. It is necessary to improve the food chain of the products analyzed to avoid the risk of infections linked to P. aeruginosa.