Heterolactone and Heterolactams A–M, Verticillane Diterpenoids with Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Activities from the Soft Coral Heteroxenia ghardaqensis

Fourteen new verticillane diterpenoids, heterolactone
(1) and heterolactams A–M (2–14), were isolated from the soft coral Heteroxenia
ghardaqensis. They structurally share the same 6/12 bicyclic
carbon skeleton
that is not commonly encountered in marine organisms. The structures,
including the absolute configurations, were determined by extensive
spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis,
calculated ECD spectra, and DP4+ probability analyses. Compounds 5, 8, and 9 showed anti-inflammatory
activities, and 2, 8, and 12 displayed hepatoprotective activities in zebrafish assays.

十四种新的螺旋烯二萜化合物（1）及异香豆素类化合物A-M（2-14），均从软珊瑚异硬珊瑚属（Heteroxenia ghardaqensis）中分离得到。这些化合物在结构上均具有相同的6/12双环碳骨架，此种骨架在海洋生物中较为罕见。通过广泛的波谱分析、单晶X射线衍射分析、计算化合物的圆二色光谱以及DP4+概率分析，确定了这些化合物的结构及其绝对构型。其中，化合物5、8和9表现出抗炎活性，而化合物2、8和12在斑马鱼实验中显示出保肝作用。