Living Standards Survey 1999 - Tajikistan

Abstract
---------------------------

The Tajikistan Living Standards Survey (LSS) was conducted jointly by the State Statistical Agency and the Center for Strategic Studies under the Office of the President in collaboration with the sponsors, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World Bank (WB). International technical assistance was provided by a team from the London School of Economics (LSE). The purpose of the survey is to provide quantitative data at the individual, household and community level that will facilitate purposeful policy design on issues of welfare and living standards of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan in 1999.

Geographic coverage
---------------------------

National

Analysis unit
---------------------------

Households

Kind of data
---------------------------

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
---------------------------

The Tajikistan LSS sample was designed to represent the population of the country as a whole as well as the strata. The sample was stratified by oblast and by urban and rural areas. In common with standard LSMS practice a two-stage sample was used. In the first stage 125 primary sample units (PSU) were selected with the probability of selection within strata being proportional to size. At the second stage, 16 households were selected within each PSU, with each household in the area having the same probability of being chosen. [Note: In addition to the main sample, the Tajikistan LSS also included a secondary sample of 15 extra PSU (containing 400 households) in Dangara and Varzob. Data in the oversampled areas were collected for the sole purpose of providing baseline data for the World Bank Health Project in these areas. The sampling for these additional units was carried out separately after the main sampling procedure in order to allow for their exclusion in nationally representative analysis.]

The two-stage procedure has the advantage that it provides a self-weighted sample. It also simplified the fieldwork operation as a one-field team could be assigned to cover a number of PSU. A critical problem in the sample selection with Tajikistan was the absence of an up to date national sample frame from which to select the PSU. As a result, lists of the towns, Rayons and Jamoats (villages) within Rayons were prepared manually. Current data on population size according to village and town registers was then supplied to the regional offices of Goskomstat and conveyed to the center. This allowed the construction of a sample frame of enumeration units by sample size from which to draw the PSU. This procedure worked well in establishing a sample frame for the rural population. However administrative units in some of the larger towns and in the cities of Dushanbe, Khojand and Kurgan-Tubbe were too large and had to be sub-divided into smaller enumeration units.

Fortuitously the survey team was able to make use of information available as a result of the mapping exercise carried out earlier in the year as preparation for the 2000 Census in order to subdivide these larger areas into enumeration units of roughly similar size. The survey team was also able to use the household listings prepared for the Census for the second stage of the sampling in urban areas. In rural areas the selection of households was made using the village registers - a complete listing of all households in the village which is (purported to be) regularly updated by the local administration. When selecting the target households a few extra households (4 in addition to the 16) were also randomly selected and were to be used if replacements were needed.

Mode of data collection
---------------------------

Face-to-face [f2f]

摘要
---------------------------
塔吉克斯坦生活水平调查（LSS）是由国家统计机构与总统办公室下的战略研究中心联合发起，并与赞助商联合国开发计划署（UNDP）及世界银行（WB）共同实施。伦敦政治经济学院（LSE）的团队提供了国际技术援助。调查旨在提供个体、家庭和社区层面的定量数据，以促进对1999年塔吉克斯坦共和国民众福利和生活水平问题的政策设计。
地理覆盖范围
---------------------------
全国
分析单元
---------------------------
家庭
数据类型
---------------------------
样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
---------------------------
塔吉克斯坦LSS样本的设计旨在代表整个国家的人口及其各层。样本按地区和城乡划分进行了分层。与标准LSMS实践一致，采用了两阶段抽样。在第一阶段，选取了125个一级样本单位（PSU），每个层内的选择概率与规模成比例。在第二阶段，在每个PSU内选取了16户家庭，区域内每户家庭被选中的概率相同。[注：除了主要样本外，塔吉克斯坦LSS还包括了在Dangara和Varzob的15个额外PSU（包含400户家庭）的次级样本。在超抽样地区收集的数据仅用于为这些地区的世界银行卫生项目提供基线数据。这些额外单位的选择是在主要抽样程序之后独立进行的，以便在具有全国代表性的分析中排除它们。]
两阶段程序的优势在于它提供了一个自加权样本。同时，它简化了实地工作操作，因为一个实地团队可以负责多个PSU。在塔吉克斯坦样本选择中的一个关键问题是缺乏一个最新的国家样本框架，无法从中选择PSU。因此，手动准备了城镇、Rayons和Jamoats（村庄）的名单。然后，根据城镇和村庄登记的人口规模当前数据被提供给Goskomstat的区域办公室，并传达至中心。这允许根据样本规模构建一个枚举单位的样本框架，从而从中抽取PSU。这一程序在农村人口样本框架的建立中效果良好。然而，在一些较大的城镇和杜尚别、霍贾ند、库尔干-图布等城市的行政单位太大，不得不将其划分为更小的枚举单位。
幸运的是，调查团能够利用早些时候为2000年人口普查做准备而进行的测绘活动提供的信息，将这些较大的区域划分为大致相同规模的枚举单位。调查团还能够利用为人口普查准备的住户名单进行城市地区的抽样第二阶段。在农村地区，使用村庄登记表进行家庭的选择——这是一份列出村庄中所有家庭的完整名单，该名单（据说）由当地政府定期更新。在选择目标家庭时，还随机选取了一些额外的家庭（比16户多4户），如果需要替换，则可以使用这些家庭。
数据收集方式
---------------------------
面对面 [f2f]