X-ray scattering studies of lignin-hemicelluloses hybrid nanoparticles

Lignin, one of the most abundant natural polymers, can be converted into nanoparticles (LNPs) to enable its use as a Pickering emulsifier. However, the LNPs forms aggregates at low pH, limiting its use in edible emulsions. Coating them with hemicelluloses prevented this aggregation, but the physical properties of this hemicellulose layer has yet to be characterized, especially regarding its effect towards the structure of interfacial layers formed by the LNPs. Combining USAXS, GISAXS, and XRR experiments at ID02 and ID10-SURF, we aim to understand the relationship between how the type of lignin and modification methods during the fabrication of the hybrid hemicellulose-lignin nanoparticles affect their surface properties. The results would provide a framework in modifying LNPs based on the desired emulsifying capabilities. In turn, this would promote a more complete use of lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable source of functional materials.