BRD9 regulates differentiation of human embryonic stem cells

Bromodomain-containing protein 9 (BRD9) is a subunit of SWI/SNF (ncBAF) chromatin remodeling complex, yet its function has been poorly understood in embryonic stem cells (ES) cells and development. Here we report that BRD9 dysfunction leads to the inhibition of mesoendoderm differentiation while promoting ectoderm differentiation. We also revealed that the differentiation efficiency of cardiac lineage was enhanced. Mechanically, we demonstrated that BRD9 not only regulates the expression of involved key transcription factor but also affects essential signal transduction pathways. Together, our results highlight the biological importance of BRD9 in hESCs differentiation.