Risk-Stratified Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Down Syndrome

This phase III trial studies response-based chemotherapy in treating newly diagnosed acute
myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome in younger patients with Down syndrome. Drugs
used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by
killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading.
Response-based chemotherapy separates patients into different risk groups and treats them
according to how they respond to the first course of treatment (Induction I). Response-based
treatment may be effective in treating acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome in
younger patients with Down syndrome while reducing the side effects.