Gradation-Dependent Constitutive Modelling of Crushable Granular Materials

This thesis presents a unified gradation-dependent constitutive model for crushable granular materials incorporating particle breakage. Through progressive development from elastoplastic to hypoplastic formulations, the model captures stiffness degradation, dilatancy evolution, and critical state transitions. It addresses parameter complexity by reducing the number of calibration constants while preserving core mechanical mechanisms. The final hypoplastic model incorporates enhanced functions to simulate undrained and hydrostatic responses with fewer parameters. This comprehensive yet efficient framework enables reliable finite element simulations for engineering applications.