raw data of research "Metabolic Implications of Elevated NETs in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Focus on Hepatic Glycolysis"

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent reproductive endocrine disorder, yet its etiology and underlying mechanisms remain inadequately understood. Recent studies have increasingly implicated neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. In this study, we observed an elevation in NETs in individuals with PCOS, which may contribute to the development of insulin resistance by downregulating the glycolytic pathway in hepatic cells. Our findings indicate that markers of NETs in both serum and follicular fluid of PCOS patients were significantly higher compared to those in a control group. To further elucidate the role of NETs, we administered DNase I intravenously to degrade the elevated NETs, resulting in a marked improvement in glucose metabolism disorders in PCOS-afflicted rats. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of liver tissue revealed alterations in the glycolysis pathway. Subsequent in vitro experiments demonstrated that treatment with NETs conditioned medium (NETs CM) led to a reduction in insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and utilization in liver cells, alongside varying degrees of decline in the transcription, translation, and function of glycolysis pathway proteins. These findings suggest that NETs play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in PCOS and may represent a novel therapeutic target for managing insulin resistance associated with the condition.