Table Ǝ: Hierarchical AMOVAs testing two hypotheses, grouped by (I) form or by (II) subbasin. in Phylogeographic patterns in attached and free-living marine macroalga Fucus vesiculosus (Fucaceae, Phaeophyceae) in the Baltic Sea

Table Ǝ: Hierarchical AMOVAs testing two hypotheses, grouped by (I) form or by (II) subbasin.
SamplesSource of varianceDfSS% Of varianceFixation indicesp-valueHypothesis IAttached–Free-livingPopulations among groups10.056−9.02FCT = −0.0900.870 NSAmong populations within groups83.61227.05FST = 0.1800.000 cWithin populations9010.50281.97FSC = 0.2480.000 cAttachedAmong populations32.65738.29FST = 0.3830.000 cWithin populations495.28661.71Free-livingAmong populations50.9556.73FST = 0.0670.167 NSWithin populations415.21693.27Hypothesis I: Seili attached omittedAttached–Free-livingPopulations among groups10.163−0.65FCT = −0.0070.431 NSAmong populations within groups71.1354.65FST = 0.0400.146 NSWithin populations869.70296.00FSC = 0.0460.164 NSAttachedAmong populations20.181−0.67FST = −0.0070.455 NSWithin populations454.486100.67Hypothesis IIAS–HS–OL–SA–SE–TZPopulations among groups51.8630.64FCT = 0.0060.347 NSAmong populations within groups41.80520.40FST = 0.2100.001 bWithin populations9010.50278.95FSC = 0.2050.023 aASAmong populations10.3353.87FST = 0.0390.198 NSWithin populations336.49396.13SEAmong populations11.42272.03FST = 0.7200.044 aWithin populations70.80027.97TZAmong populations10.048−0.28FST = −0.003−0.541 NSWithin populations371.875100.28Hypothesis II: Seili attached omittedAS–HS–OL–SA–SE–TZPopulations among groups50.9154.00FCT = 0.0400.413 NSAmong populations within groups30.3830.94FST = 0.0490.128 NSWithin populations869.70295.05FSC = 0.0010.170 NS
Associated p-values calculated by 1000 permutations (p-value significance level: NS> 0.05, a ≤ 0.05, b ≤ 0.01, c ≤ 0.001). df, degrees of freedom; SS,
sum of squares. Site abbreviations: AS, AskÖ; HS, Hiddensee; OL, Olkiluoto; SA, Saaremaa; SE, Seili; TZ, Tvärminne.