The Effect of Tourniquet Reperfusion Interval on MDA Levels and Skeletal Muscles Damage in The Treatment of Long Bone Fractures

<strong>Abstract</strong> <strong>Introduction: </strong>Tourniquets are often used to assist hemostasis during surgery even if it causes complications. Blood circulation return leads to ischemic-reperfusion injury. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the reperfusion interval duration to prevent ischemic reperfusion injury specifically to muscle tissue. <strong>Method:</strong> A true experimental study using 48 male white rats (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) deliberately fractured in the tibial bone. The rats were divided into 2 groups, A and B, with each group receiving 4 different treatments, there were 8 groups in total. In control group, both A1 and B1, the tourniquet was installed using orthodontic rubber for 3 hours while for the others for 2 hours, it was deflated for 5, 10, and 15 minutes respectively, then the tourniquet was reattached for 1 hour. Group A was sacrificed 1 hour after tourniquet deflation and then checked for MDA levels and muscle histology based on Percentage Injury (PI). While in group B was done on day 14. Data results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. <strong>Results:</strong> There was a significant difference both group A and B, but in A only in 10 to 15-minute groups. The optimal decrease in PI occurred in the 10-minute reperfusion interval treatment, which was 42.63% of group A and 32.27 % of group B. In the measurement of MDA levels in groups A and B, there were significant differences between the control group and the reperfusion interval group. <strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>:</strong> The reperfusion interval can reduce the incidence of ischemic reperfusion injury in the muscle organ at the distal tourniquet and 10-minute is the most effective. <strong>Abstract</strong> <strong>Introduction: </strong>Tourniquets are often used to assist hemostasis during surgery even if it causes complications. Blood circulation return leads to ischemic-reperfusion injury. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the reperfusion interval duration to prevent ischemic reperfusion injury specifically to muscle tissue. <strong>Method:</strong> A true experimental study using 48 male white rats (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) deliberately fractured in the tibial bone. The rats were divided into 2 groups, A and B, with each group receiving 4 different treatments, there were 8 groups in total. In control group, both A1 and B1, the tourniquet was installed using orthodontic rubber for 3 hours while for the others for 2 hours, it was deflated for 5, 10, and 15 minutes respectively, then the tourniquet was reattached for 1 hour. Group A was sacrificed 1 hour after tourniquet deflation and then checked for MDA levels and muscle histology based on Percentage Injury (PI). While in group B was done on day 14. Data results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. <strong>Results:</strong> There was a significant difference both group A and B, but in A only in 10 to 15-minute groups. The optimal decrease in PI occurred in the 10-minute reperfusion interval treatment, which was 42.63% of group A and 32.27 % of group B. In the measurement of MDA levels in groups A and B, there were significant differences between the control group and the reperfusion interval group. <strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>:</strong> The reperfusion interval can reduce the incidence of ischemic reperfusion injury in the muscle organ at the distal tourniquet and 10-minute is the most effective.